FTCE Professional Education Practice Exam

What is Steven Krashen primarily known for?

1. Developing the whole language approach

2. Contributions to second-language acquisition and bilingual education

3. Creating standardized tests for language learners

4. Promoting cultural awareness in language education

The correct answer is: Contributions to second-language acquisition and bilingual education

Steven Krashen is primarily known for his significant contributions to the field of second-language acquisition and bilingual education. His theories emphasize the importance of comprehensible input, the idea that language learners acquire a second language more effectively when they are exposed to language that is slightly above their current proficiency level. This approach encourages natural language learning through meaningful communication, rather than relying solely on grammar drills or formal instruction. Krashen's work highlights the importance of a supportive environment for language learners, which is particularly relevant in bilingual education settings where students may be learning in both their native language and a second language. His advocacy for the role of affective factors, such as motivation and anxiety, in language acquisition has influenced educators to consider not just the cognitive aspects of learning, but the emotional context as well. In contrast, the options related to the whole language approach, standardized tests, and cultural awareness do not directly align with Krashen’s primary contributions, which focus more on the processes and conditions under which second languages are acquired.